油荒冲击东南亚：加油站断供、渔船停港、寺庙暂停免费火化服务

一场由中东地缘冲突引爆的能源危机，正以肉眼可见的速度席卷东南亚。国际原油期货价格再度突破每桶100美元，从菲律宾街头的三轮车司机到泰国寺庙里的僧侣，无数普通人正在为千里之外的战火承担代价。

这场东南亚燃油危机的根源在于地理上的脆弱性。该地区近80%的原油进口依赖波斯湾供应，且几乎全部须经霍尔木兹海峡运输。与此同时，东南亚各国的石油战略储备普遍薄弱——印尼和越南仅有约20至23天的库存，缅甸约40天，而日本和韩国的储备则可支撑200天以上。储备差距之悬殊，决定了此次冲击的烈度。

从加油站到渔港，断供已成日常

断供浪潮首先冲击了最依赖进口的国家。老挝超过40%的加油站因无油可售而关闭，柬埔寨情况相似，近三分之一的加油站已停业，两国均高度依赖从泰国和越南进口燃油，而这两个上游供应国自身也深陷困境。

菲律宾政府紧急向马尼拉数万名机动三轮车和吉普尼司机发放约84美元的补贴，以防止城市公共交通体系瘫痪。泰国渔业受到重创，部分渔民已无力负担出海成本，只能将渔船停靠在港口。

"这场危机发生在国外，但受害的是我们。"——泰国北榄府沿海渔民组织负责人

更出人意料的影响来自殡葬行业。泰国多个寺庙宣布暂停免费火葬服务，原因是火化过程的主要燃料柴油已在许多加油站断货。偏远地区受冲击尤甚，火化收费上涨约25%，每次约需6000泰铢，对于低收入家庭而言无疑是沉重负担。

各国政府被迫接受涨价，危机远未触底

面对能源冲击，各国政府的应对措施折射出不同的处境与无奈。泰国虽已与安哥拉和美国签署新的采购合同，但由于国家石油基金告罄，政府被迫放开油价管制，引发卡车司机在林查班港附近的公路旁集体停车抗议。越南政府建议非必要岗位的员工居家办公；泰国则通过上调政府办公楼空调温度至26摄氏度来压缩用电需求，官员们换上短袖衬衫以身作则。情况最为严峻的缅甸，军政府已实施单双号限行措施强制节油。

即便是能源基础设施相对完善的新加坡，也发出了电价上涨的预警，毕竟该国近一半的液化天然气来自卡塔尔。新加坡总统尚达曼的表态颇为直白：国民必须为"一场长期的全球政治动荡风暴"做好心理准备。

东南亚燃油危机的走向，在很大程度上取决于中东局势能否尽快降温。 在此之前，石油储备有限、高度依赖进口的东南亚国家，将持续暴露在这场能源冲击的正面风险之中。从加油站的空油枪，到停靠港口的渔船，再到熄火的火化炉，这场危机早已超越了经济范畴，深刻嵌入了普通人的生死日常。

Fuel Crisis Hits Southeast Asia: Gas Stations Run Dry, Fishing Boats Stranded, Temples Halt Free Cremations

A fuel crisis ignited by conflict in the Middle East is sweeping across Southeast Asia at a visible pace. International crude oil futures have surged past $100 per barrel once again, and from tricycle drivers on Philippine streets to monks in Thai temples, countless ordinary people are paying the price for a war fought half a world away.

The root of this Southeast Asia fuel crisis lies in the region's geographic vulnerability. Nearly 80% of its crude oil imports originate from the Persian Gulf, almost all of which must pass through the Strait of Hormuz. Compounding the problem, strategic petroleum reserves across the region are dangerously thin — Indonesia and Vietnam hold only around 20 to 23 days' worth of supply, Myanmar around 40 days, compared to over 200 days for Japan and South Korea. That stark gap in preparedness has amplified the severity of the shock.

From Gas Stations to Fishing Ports, Shortages Become the New Normal

The wave of supply disruptions has hit the most import-dependent countries hardest. Over 40% of gas stations in Laos have shut down for lack of fuel, and Cambodia is in a similar predicament, with nearly one-third of its stations closed. Both countries rely heavily on fuel imports from Thailand and Vietnam — yet those upstream suppliers are themselves struggling to cope.

In the Philippines, the government has rushed to distribute emergency subsidies of around $84 to tens of thousands of motorcycle tricycle and jeepney drivers in Manila, hoping to prevent the city's public transport network from grinding to a halt. Thailand's fishing industry has taken a serious blow, with some fishermen unable to afford the fuel costs of going out to sea and forced to leave their boats moored in port.

"This crisis is happening overseas, but we are the ones suffering." — Head of a coastal fishermen's organization in Samut Prakan, Thailand

Perhaps the most unexpected casualty of the fuel shortage is the funeral industry. Multiple temples across Thailand have suspended their free cremation services, because diesel — the primary fuel used in the cremation process — has run out at many gas stations. Remote areas have been hit particularly hard, with cremation fees rising by approximately 25% to around 6,000 Thai baht per service, a heavy burden for low-income families.

Governments Forced to Accept Price Hikes as the Crisis Shows No Sign of Easing

Governments across the region are responding to the energy shock in ways that reveal both their different circumstances and their shared sense of helplessness. Thailand has signed new oil procurement deals with Angola and the United States, but with its national oil fund depleted, the government has been forced to lift price controls — triggering protests by truck drivers who parked their vehicles along roads leading to the port of Laem Chabang. Vietnam has advised non-essential office workers to work from home. Thailand has raised the air conditioning temperature in government buildings to 26 degrees Celsius to cut electricity consumption, with officials leading by example in short-sleeved shirts. Myanmar, facing the most acute pressure, has imposed odd-even license plate restrictions to enforce mandatory fuel rationing.

Even Singapore, with its comparatively robust energy infrastructure, has warned of rising electricity prices — after all, nearly half of its liquefied natural gas supply comes from Qatar. Singapore's President Tharman Shanmugaratnam was blunt in his assessment: Singaporeans must prepare themselves for "a prolonged storm of global political turbulence."

The trajectory of Southeast Asia's fuel crisis hinges largely on whether tensions in the Middle East can cool down in the near term. Until that happens, countries in the region with limited reserves and deep dependence on imports will remain fully exposed to the front lines of this energy shock. From dry fuel pumps at gas stations, to fishing boats stranded in harbors, to cremation furnaces gone cold — this crisis has long since transcended economics, cutting into the most fundamental rhythms of ordinary life and death.